/* 
=================================================================
Style for Hong Kong Institute of Higher Education Research
=================================================================
*/

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    overflow-x: hidden; /* 防止水平滚动条 */
}

/* --- Variables & Global Reset --- */
:root {
    --primary-color: #1a3c5f; /* Deep, professional navy blue */
    --accent-color: #007bff; /* Bright, clear blue for accents */
    --text-dark: #212529;
    --text-light: #6c757d;
    --background-light: #ffffff;
    --background-grey: #f8f9fa;
    --border-color: #e9ecef;
    --font-main: 'Microsoft YaHei', '微软雅黑', sans-serif; /* 统一使用微软雅黑 */
    --font-secondary: 'Microsoft YaHei', '微软雅黑', sans-serif; /* 统一使用微软雅黑 */
    --font-sc: 'Microsoft YaHei', '微软雅黑', sans-serif; /* 简体中文也使用微软雅黑 */
    --max-width: 1200px;
    --border-radius: 5px;
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.07);
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background: url('../img/底部图片/1684145537979686.png') fixed center center / cover no-repeat;
    line-height: 1.8;
    font-size: 17px;
    overflow-x: hidden; /* 防止水平滚动条 */
}

/* 为body背景添加浅色滤镜覆盖层 */
body::before {
    content: '';
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15); /* 浅色半透明覆盖层 */
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: -1;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    position: relative;
}

/* 关于我们页面专用样式 - 移除背景图片 */
body.about-page {
    background: var(--background-light) !important;
}

.container {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 24px;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 1rem;
}
.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #fff;
}
.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}
.btn-secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-color: #d1d9e2;
}
.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* --- Language & Utility --- */
.lang-tc .en, .lang-tc .sc { display: none; }
.lang-en .tc, .lang-en .sc { display: none; }
.lang-sc .en { display: none; }
.lang-sc .tc { display: none; }
.lang-sc .show-tc { display: inline; }
.text-center { text-align: center; }

/* Scroll-in animations */
.info-item, .news-main, .news-item, .journal-item, .scholar-item {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
    transition: opacity 0.6s ease-out, transform 0.6s ease-out;
}

.info-item.in-view,
.news-main.in-view,
.news-item.in-view,
.journal-item.in-view,
.scholar-item.in-view {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Staggered animation delays */
.info-item:nth-child(2), .journal-item:nth-child(2), .scholar-item:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.info-item:nth-child(3), .journal-item:nth-child(3), .scholar-item:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.2s; }
.info-item:nth-child(4), .scholar-item:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.3s; }
.news-list .news-item:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.news-list .news-item:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.2s; }
.news-list .news-item:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.3s; }

/* --- Top Bar --- */
.top-bar {
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    padding: 10px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    color: var(--text-light);
}
.top-bar-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}
.top-bar .quick-links a {
    margin-right: 25px;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-weight: 600;
}
.top-bar .quick-links a:hover { color: var(--accent-color); }
.top-bar .quick-links .fas { margin-right: 6px; }

.controls-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}
.search-box {
    position: relative;
    margin-right: 20px;
}
.search-input {
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    padding: 6px 12px;
    font-size: 14px;
    outline: none;
    transition: border-color 0.3s;
    width: 200px;
}
.search-input:focus {
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}
.search-btn {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    height: 100%;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 0 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--text-light);
}
.language-switch button {
    background: #e7f3ff;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 6px 14px;
    color: #0066cc;
    border-radius: 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,102,204,0.2);
}
.language-switch button.active {
    background: #0066cc;
    color: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 6px rgba(0,102,204,0.4);
}

/* --- Header --- */
.header {
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    padding: 25px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: padding 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
.header.scrolled {
    padding: 15px 0;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}
.header-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}
.logo a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    color: inherit;
    font-weight: 800;
}
.logo img {
    height: 55px;
    margin-right: 15px;
}
.logo-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.main-nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
}
.main-nav li { margin-left: 35px; }
.main-nav a {
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    padding: 10px 12px;
    position: relative;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

/* 英文版导航栏优化 */
.lang-en .main-nav li { 
    margin-left: 28px; 
}
.lang-en .main-nav a {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    padding: 10px 8px;
}
.lang-en .main-nav li:first-child {
    margin-left: 0;
}
.main-nav a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
}
.main-nav a:hover::after, .main-nav a.active::after {
    width: 100%;
}
.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: none;
    border: none;
}

/* --- Banner / Hero Slider Section --- */
.banner {
    background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(26, 60, 95, 0.7), rgba(26, 60, 95, 0.7)), url('../img/banner_bg.png');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    height: 70vh;
    min-height: 420px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

/* Hero slider wrapper */
.hero-slider {
    position: relative;
    height: 70vh;
    min-height: 420px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-slider .slide {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: center;
    background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2)), var(--slide-bg);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(1.02);
    transition: opacity 0.8s ease, transform 1.6s ease;
}

.hero-slider .slide.active {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
    z-index: 1;
}

/* 轮播图控制按钮 */
.slider-btn {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
    color: #fff;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 16px;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    z-index: 10;
    backdrop-filter: blur(15px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.slider-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.slider-btn:active {
    transform: translateY(-50%) scale(0.95);
}

.slider-btn-prev {
    left: 30px;
}

.slider-btn-next {
    right: 30px;
}

.slider-btn i {
    transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.slider-btn:hover i {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* 轮播图指示器 */
.slider-indicators {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 30px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
    z-index: 10;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-radius: 20px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.slider-indicators .indicator {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
    background: transparent;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    position: relative;
}

.slider-indicators .indicator.active {
    background: #fff;
    border-color: #fff;
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

.slider-indicators .indicator:hover {
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.slider-indicators .indicator:not(.active):hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.hero-slider .banner-content {
    padding: 0 20px;
}
.banner-title {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    color: #fff;
}

/* 轮播图英文标题稍小字体 */
.banner-title .en {
    font-size: 3.4rem;
}
.banner-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    max-width: 750px;
    margin: 0 auto 40px;
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    opacity: 0.9;
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* --- Main Content & Sections --- */
.main-content {
    padding: 0 0 0px 0;
    position: relative;
}

/* 为非核心研究区域添加白色背景覆盖 */
.info-section, .news-section, .scholars-section {
    padding-bottom: 80px;
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

/* 机构介绍部分 */
.about-institute-section {
    padding: 80px 0 60px 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95) 0%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 15%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 100%
    );
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    margin-top: -60px;
    box-shadow: 0 -15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.about-institute-content {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 3rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.about-institute-text {
    flex: 1;
    padding-right: 1.5rem;
}

.about-institute-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.about-institute-description {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 2;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    text-align: justify;
    max-width: none;
}

.about-institute-stats {
    display: flex;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.stat-item {
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1;
}

.stat-plus {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.about-institute-images {
    flex: 0 0 420px; /* 增加图片容器宽度 */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    align-self: flex-start;
    margin-top: 6.5rem; /* 对齐到描述文字的顶部，标题高度 + margin-bottom */
}

.institute-image-item {
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.institute-image-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.institute-image-item img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 280px; /* 增加图片高度 */
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.institute-image-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.institute-image-item:hover::before {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);
}

.institute-image-item:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* 期刊区域设计 */
.journals-section {
    padding: 80px 0 40px 0; /* 减少底部内边距 */
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8f9fa 0%, #e9ecef 50%, #f8f9fa 100%);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 500px; /* 设置最小高度确保内容充满 */
}

/* 添加背景装饰元素 */
.journals-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -50%;
    left: -10%;
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(74, 144, 226, 0.1), rgba(80, 227, 194, 0.1));
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: float 8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.journals-section::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -30%;
    right: -5%;
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 107, 107, 0.1), rgba(238, 90, 36, 0.1));
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite reverse;
}

/* 期刊区域内容容器 */
.journals-section .container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* 期刊标题样式增强 */
.journals-section .section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
    font-weight: 700;
    position: relative;
    text-align: center;
}

.journals-section .section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -15px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4a90e2, #50e3c2);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* 期刊布局项目 - 左图右文布局 */
.journal-layout-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

/* 添加卡片装饰边框 */
.journal-layout-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4a90e2, #50e3c2, #ff6b6b);
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.journal-layout-item:hover::before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.journal-layout-item:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f8f9fa 100%);
}

.journal-layout-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* 期刊图片容器 */
.journal-image-container {
    flex: 0 0 300px;
    max-width: 300px;
    position: relative;
}

/* 期刊封面链接样式 */
.journal-cover-link {
    display: block;
    border-radius: 15px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.journal-cover-link::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(74, 144, 226, 0.1), rgba(80, 227, 194, 0.1));
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 1;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover::before {
    opacity: 1;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* 期刊内容容器 */
.journal-content-container {
    flex: 1;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    position: relative;
}

/* 期刊日期样式 - 隐藏日期 */
.journal-date {
    display: none; /* 隐藏日期元素 */
}

/* 期刊标题样式 */
.journal-layout-title {
    font-size: 1.8rem; /* 增大字体 */
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #2c3e50;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem; /* 增加底部间距 */
    margin-top: 0; /* 移除顶部间距，让标题上移到日期位置 */
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.4;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 20px;
}

.journal-layout-title::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 4px;
    height: 60%;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #4a90e2, #50e3c2);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

/* 期刊描述样式 */
.journal-layout-description {
    font-size: 1.3rem; /* 进一步增大字体 */
    line-height: 1.9; /* 增加行高 */
    color: #5a6c7d;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem; /* 减少底部间距 */
    text-align: justify;
    padding: 10px 0; /* 减少上下内边距 */
    background: none; /* 移除背景 */
    border: none; /* 移除边框 */
    position: relative;
    min-height: 250px; /* 增加最小高度 */
}

/* 期刊描述中的英文内容样式 - 较小字体 */
.journal-layout-description .en {
    font-size: 1.1rem; /* 英文内容使用稍小字体，但不要太小 */
    line-height: 1.7; /* 适中的行高 */
}



/* Core Research Areas */
.info-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
}
.info-item {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 30px 20px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.info-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
}
.info-icon {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    line-height: 1;
}
.info-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.info-text {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

/* News & Events Section */
.news-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1.8fr 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}
.news-main {
    position: relative;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
    color: white;
}
.news-main-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}
.news-main:hover .news-main-img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.news-main-content {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    padding: 30px;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0,0,0,0.8), transparent);
}
.news-meta {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.news-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.news-title a { color: #fff; }
.news-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.news-excerpt { opacity: 0.9; }

.news-list .news-item {
    padding: 20px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}
.news-list .news-item:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.news-list .news-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.news-item-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.news-item-title a {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 600;
}
.news-list .news-meta { color: var(--text-light); font-size: 0.9rem; }

/* Academic Journals Section */
.section-header-split {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.section-header-split .section-title {
    text-align: left;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.journals-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 24px;
    justify-items: center;
}

.journals-grid .journal-item:first-child {
    grid-column: 2;
}

.journals-grid .journal-item:last-child {
    grid-column: 3;
}

/* Compact journal card like reference design */
.journal-item {
    background: transparent;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
}
.journal-item:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); }

.journal-cover-link {
    display: block;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.journal-cover {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 4; /* unify cover size */
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
    background: #fff;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* 期刊布局中的封面样式 */
.journal-layout-item .journal-cover {
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.journal-layout-item .journal-cover::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(74, 144, 226, 0.05), rgba(80, 227, 194, 0.05));
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover .journal-cover::after {
    opacity: 1;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover .journal-cover {
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    transform: scale(1.03);
}

.journal-cover img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-radius: 15px;
}

.journal-cover-link:hover .journal-cover img {
    transform: scale(1.08);
}
.journal-cover.placeholder {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #f6f8fb, #e9eef6);
    border: 2px dashed #d1d9e2;
    box-shadow: none;
}
.journal-item.placeholder .journal-title,
.journal-item.placeholder .journal-meta { opacity: 0.75; }
.journal-item .placeholder-text { color: #7a8a9a; font-weight: 700; }
.journal-info {
    padding: 12px 8px 0;
}
.journal-title {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin: 10px 0 6px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
.journal-meta {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}


/* Scholars Section */
.scholars-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}
.scholar-item {
    text-align: center;
}
.scholar-item img {
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.scholar-item:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}
.scholar-name {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}
.scholar-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

/* --- Footer --- */
.footer {
    background: #f8f9fa; /* 浅色背景 */
    color: #1a3c5f; /* 深蓝色字体 */
    padding: 40px 0 20px 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr; /* 调整为两列布局 */
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.footer-logos-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.footer-logo .main-logo {
    height: 72px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
}
.footer-logo .secondary-logo {
    height: 80px;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
}
.footer-title {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: #1a3c5f;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.footer-about { max-width: 400px; }
.footer h4 {
    color: #1a3c5f;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-weight: 600;
}
.footer-links ul, .footer-contact ul { list-style: none; }
.footer-links a {
    color: #2c5282;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}
.footer-links a:hover {
    color: #1a3c5f;
    padding-left: 5px;
}
.footer-contact li {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
}
.footer-contact .fas {
    margin-right: 15px;
    width: 20px;
    margin-top: 5px;
}
.social-icons {
    margin-top: 25px;
}
.social-icons a {
    color: #2c5282;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-right: 20px;
}
.social-icons a:hover { color: #1a3c5f; }
.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6; /* 浅灰色分隔线 */
    padding-top: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #6c757d; /* 中等灰色文字 */
    font-size: 12px;
}
.footer-bottom p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #6c757d;
}

/* Contact info section layout */
.contact-info-section {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-basic {
    flex: 1;
}

.consultation-qr {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.consultation-item-footer {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.consultation-item-footer:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.consultation-item-footer img {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    background: #fff;
}

.consultation-label {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: #2c5282;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Contact QR list */
.contact-qr-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 86px); /* 改为3列以容纳3个二维码 */
    gap: 14px;
    margin-top: 8px;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}
.contact-qr-item {
    text-align: center;
    color: #2c5282;
}
.contact-qr-item img {
    width: 86px;
    height: 86px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: #fff;
}
.contact-qr-item .label {
    font-size: 12px;
    margin-top: 6px;
}

/* --- Scroll To Top Button --- */
/* 回到顶部按钮 - 深蓝色方形样式 */
.scroll-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background: #005689; /* 使用图片中的专业深蓝色 */
    color: #ffffff;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 0; /* 完全方形，无圆角 */
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 18px;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    z-index: 1000;
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
    background: #006699; /* 悬停时稍亮的蓝色 */
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.scroll-to-top:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.scroll-to-top i {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 18px;
}


/* --- Responsive Design --- */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .journals-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .info-grid, .scholars-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
    .journals-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
    .news-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .news-main-img {
        height: 400px;
    }
    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    body { font-size: 16px; }
    .section-title { font-size: 2rem; }
    .header-content { flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .main-nav {
        display: none;
        width: 100%;
        order: 3;
        margin-top: 20px;
        background-color: var(--background-light);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    }
    .main-nav ul {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }
    .main-nav li {
        margin: 0;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    /* 移动端英文版导航栏重置 */
    .lang-en .main-nav li {
        margin: 0;
    }
    .lang-en .main-nav a {
        font-size: 1rem;
        padding: 15px;
    }

    /* 移动端轮播图按钮优化 */
    .slider-btn {
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    .slider-btn-prev {
        left: 15px;
    }

    .slider-btn-next {
        right: 15px;
    }

    .slider-indicators {
        bottom: 20px;
        gap: 8px;
    }

    .slider-indicators .indicator {
        width: 10px;
        height: 10px;
    }
    .main-nav a {
        display: block;
        padding: 15px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    }
    .main-nav a:hover, .main-nav a.active {
        background-color: #f8f9fa;
        color: var(--accent-color);
    }
    .main-nav a::after { display: none; }
    .main-nav.active { display: block; }
    .mobile-menu-toggle { display: block; }

    .top-bar-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
    }
    .controls-container {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }
    .search-input { width: 100%; }
    .banner-title { font-size: 2.5rem; }
    .banner-title .en { font-size: 2.5rem; }
    .banner-subtitle { font-size: 1.1rem; }

    .info-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .section-header-split { flex-direction: column; gap: 20px; }

    /* 修复移动端期刊网格布局 */
    /* 机构介绍响应式 - 平板 */
    .about-institute-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 3rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .about-institute-text {
        padding-right: 0;
    }

    .about-institute-title {
        font-size: 2.2rem;
    }

    .about-institute-description {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        line-height: 1.9;
    }

    .about-institute-stats {
        justify-content: center;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .about-institute-images {
        flex: none;
        max-width: 400px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
        align-self: center;
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }

    .institute-image-item img {
        height: 150px;
    }

    /* 期刊布局响应式 - 平板 */
    .journal-layout-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 2rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .journal-image-container {
        flex: none;
        max-width: 250px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .journal-content-container {
        padding-left: 0;
    }

    .scholars-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr)); }
    .footer-content { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }

    /* 移动端联系方式布局调整 */
    .contact-info-section {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .consultation-item-footer {
        padding: 5px;
    }

    .consultation-item-footer img {
        width: 70px;
        height: 70px;
    }

    .contact-qr-list {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 80px); /* 移动端使用固定宽度确保图片完整显示 */
        justify-content: center;
        gap: 12px; /* 适当调整间距 */
    }
    
    .contact-qr-item img {
        width: 80px;
        height: 80px;
        object-fit: contain; /* 改为contain确保图片内容完整显示 */
    }
    .footer-logo .main-logo {
        height: 56px;
        width: auto;
        display: block;
    }
    .footer-logo .secondary-logo {
        height: 64px;
        width: auto;
        display: block;
    }
}

/* About Section - Clean Academic Style */
.about-section {
    scroll-margin-top: 90px;
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 60px 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* 新的布局结构 */
.about-layout {
    display: flex;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 24px;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

/* 侧边栏样式 */
.about-sidebar {
    flex: 0 0 280px;
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    background: #f8f9fa;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 0;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}

/* 侧边栏标题样式 */
.sidebar-title {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 25px 20px 20px 20px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e9ecef;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8f9fa 0%, #e9ecef 100%);
    border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
}

.about-nav {
    padding: 30px 0;
}

.about-nav-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.about-nav-list li {
    margin: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}

.about-nav-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.nav-item {
    display: block;
    padding: 18px 30px;
    color: #495057;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    border-left: 4px solid transparent;
}

.nav-item:hover {
    background: #e9ecef;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-item.active {
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* 主要内容区域 */
.about-content {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

/* 内容区块 */
.content-section {
    display: none;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 40px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}

.content-section.active {
    display: block;
}

.about-grid {
    display: block;
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 80px;
}

.about-intro {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.about-heading {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    text-align: center;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}

.about-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin: 40px 0 20px;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding-bottom: 8px;
    display: inline-block;
}

.about-paragraph {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    text-align: justify;
}

/* 英文段落优化 */
.about-paragraph.en {
    text-align: left; /* 英文段落左对齐，避免justify造成的间距问题 */
    line-height: 1.75;
    font-size: 1.08rem;
    word-spacing: 0.08em;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.about-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.about-list li {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.about-list.two-col {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr));
    gap: 20px 30px;
}

.about-aside .about-card {
    background: var(--background-grey);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 20px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    position: sticky;
    top: 90px;
}

.about-note {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Content Sections - Clean Academic Style */
.mission-item, .research-area, .journal-item, .activity-item {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    padding: 0;
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
}

.mission-item h5, .research-area h5, .journal-item h5, .activity-item h6 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
}

.activity-item h6 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Section dividers */
.mission-item, .research-area, .journal-item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
    padding-bottom: 25px;
}

.mission-item:last-of-type, .research-area:last-of-type, .journal-item:last-of-type {
    border-bottom: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .about-layout {
    padding: 0 24px;
    gap: 30px;
  }

  .about-sidebar {
    flex: 0 0 250px;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .sidebar-title {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    padding: 20px 15px 15px 15px;
  }

  .about-nav {
    padding: 25px 0;
  }

  .nav-item {
    padding: 15px 25px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }

  .content-section {
    padding: 35px;
  }

  .about-grid {
    padding: 0 50px;
  }
  .about-aside .about-card {
    position: static;
  }
  .about-list.two-col {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .about-heading {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }
  .about-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .about-section {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .about-layout {
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 0 24px;
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .about-sidebar {
    flex: none;
    position: static;
    order: -1;
    padding: 0;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }

  .sidebar-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    padding: 20px 15px 15px 15px;
  }

  .about-nav {
    padding: 20px 0;
  }

  .about-nav-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0;
    padding: 0 10px;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .about-nav-list li {
    flex: 0 0 calc(50% - 1px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
    border-right: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  }

  .about-nav-list li:nth-child(2n) {
    border-right: none;
  }

  .about-nav-list li:nth-last-child(-n+2) {
    border-bottom: none;
  }

  .nav-item {
    padding: 12px 8px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    white-space: normal;
    text-align: center;
    border-left: none;
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    line-height: 1.3;
    min-height: 50px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .nav-item:hover,
  .nav-item.active {
    border-left: none;
    border-bottom-color: var(--primary-color);
  }

  .content-section {
    padding: 25px;
  }

  .about-grid {
    padding: 0 30px;
  }
  .about-heading {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
  .about-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 30px 0 15px;
  }
  .about-paragraph {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }
  .mission-item, .research-area, .journal-item, .activity-item {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
  }

  /* 移动端英文排版优化 */
  body.lang-en .about-paragraph.en {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    word-spacing: 0.06em;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  }

  body.lang-en .about-heading.en {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  }
}

/* 简体中文字体设置 */
body.lang-sc .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
    word-break: break-all;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    line-height: 1.8;
    text-align: justify;
    white-space: normal;
    max-width: 100%;
}

/* 为简体中文标题设置宋体 */
body.lang-sc h1 .sc,
body.lang-sc h2 .sc,
body.lang-sc h3 .sc,
body.lang-sc h4 .sc,
body.lang-sc h5 .sc,
body.lang-sc h6 .sc,
body.lang-sc .banner-title .sc,
body.lang-sc .section-title .sc,
body.lang-sc .about-heading .sc,
body.lang-sc .about-subtitle .sc,
body.lang-sc .footer-title .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    word-break: keep-all;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* 为简体中文段落设置宋体 */
body.lang-sc p .sc,
body.lang-sc .about-paragraph.sc,
body.lang-sc .about-note.sc,
body.lang-sc .footer-about .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    word-break: break-all;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    line-height: 1.8;
    text-align: justify;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    hyphens: auto;
    white-space: normal;
    max-width: 100%;
}

/* 为简体中文导航设置宋体 */
body.lang-sc .main-nav .sc,
body.lang-sc .quick-links .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
    font-weight: 600 !important;
}

/* 为简体中文页脚设置宋体 */
body.lang-sc .footer h4 .sc,
body.lang-sc .footer-links .sc,
body.lang-sc .footer-contact .sc,
body.lang-sc .contact-qr-list .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
}

/* 为简体中文版权信息设置宋体 */
body.lang-sc .footer-bottom .sc {
    font-family: var(--font-sc) !important;
}

/* 当页面语言为简体中文时，隐藏其他语言并显示简体中文 */
body.lang-sc .tc,
body.lang-sc .en {
    display: none;
}

body.lang-sc .sc {
    display: inline;
}

/* 简体中文容器优化 */
body.lang-sc .about-grid,
body.lang-sc .mission-item,
body.lang-sc .research-area,
body.lang-sc .journal-item,
body.lang-sc .activity-item {
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* 强制简体中文段落换行 */
body.lang-sc .about-paragraph.sc {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    word-break: break-all !important;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
    white-space: normal !important;
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .about-layout {
    padding: 0 24px;
  }

  .about-sidebar {
    padding: 15px 0;
  }

  .nav-item {
    padding: 10px 6px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    min-height: 45px;
  }

  .content-section {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .about-grid {
    padding: 0 20px;
  }

  /* 超小屏幕轮播图按钮优化 */
  .slider-btn {
      width: 35px;
      height: 35px;
      font-size: 12px;
  }

  .slider-btn-prev {
      left: 10px;
  }

  .slider-btn-next {
      right: 10px;
  }

  .slider-indicators {
      bottom: 15px;
      gap: 6px;
      padding: 6px 12px;
  }

  .slider-indicators .indicator {
      width: 8px;
      height: 8px;
  }

  /* 超小屏幕轮播图标题 */
  .banner-title { font-size: 2rem; }
  .banner-title .en { font-size: 2.0rem; }
}



/* 核心研究领域 - 新的水平面板布局 */
.research-section {
    padding: 4rem 0 6rem 0;
    background: white;
    position: relative;
    margin: 0;
    width: 100vw;
    margin-left: calc(-50vw + 50%);
    overflow: visible;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

/* 研究领域标题容器 */
.research-section-header {
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
}

.research-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-shadow: none;
    z-index: 10;
    position: relative;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease 0.3s forwards;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

/* 为研究领域标题添加装饰元素 */
.research-title::before {
    content: '◆';
    position: absolute;
    top: -40px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #2c3e50, #34495e);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
    opacity: 0;
    animation: sparkleIn 1.5s ease 0.8s forwards;
    text-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.3);
    text-align: center;
    width: max-content;
}

/* 淡入向上动画 */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

/* 闪烁进入动画 */
@keyframes sparkleIn {
    0% {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0) rotate(0deg);
        filter: brightness(0);
    }
    50% {
        opacity: 0.8;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.2) rotate(180deg);
        filter: brightness(1.5);
    }
    100% {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1) rotate(360deg);
        filter: brightness(1);
    }
}

/* 星光闪烁动画 */
@keyframes twinkleIn {
    0% {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0.5);
        filter: brightness(0) drop-shadow(0 0 0px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0));
    }
    25% {
        opacity: 0.4;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0.8);
        filter: brightness(1.1) drop-shadow(0 0 4px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.4));
    }
    50% {
        opacity: 0.7;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.1);
        filter: brightness(1.2) drop-shadow(0 0 8px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.5));
    }
    75% {
        opacity: 0.9;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(0.95);
        filter: brightness(1.1) drop-shadow(0 0 6px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.4));
    }
    100% {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1);
        filter: brightness(1) drop-shadow(0 0 6px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.3));
    }
}

/* 水平面板容器 */
.research-panel-container {
    display: flex;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    margin-left: calc(-50vw + 50%);
    background: transparent;
    border-radius: 0;
    overflow: visible;
    box-shadow: none;
    min-height: 80vh;
    flex: 1;
    position: relative;
}

/* 研究领域标题与面板之间的装饰效果 */
.research-title::after {
    content: '✦ ✧ ✦';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -2.5rem;
    left: 51.2%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #2c3e50, #34495e, #2c3e50);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
    letter-spacing: 1.2rem;
    opacity: 0;
    animation: twinkleIn 1.8s ease 1.2s forwards;
    filter: drop-shadow(0 0 6px rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.3));
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-align: center;
    width: max-content;
}

/* 研究领域面板底部过渡效果 */
.research-panel-container::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 120px;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom,
        transparent 0%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 25%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3) 50%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) 75%,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9) 100%
    );
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 3;
}

/* 水平面板容器 */
.research-panels {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    background: transparent;
    padding: 0;
    gap: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 80vh;
}

/* 单个研究面板 */
.research-panel {
    flex: 1;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 80vh;
    border-radius: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: none;
    position: relative;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(50px);
    animation: slideInUp 0.8s ease forwards;
}

/* 为每个面板设置不同的延迟 */
.research-panel:nth-child(1) {
    animation-delay: 0.5s;
}

.research-panel:nth-child(2) {
    animation-delay: 0.7s;
}

.research-panel:nth-child(3) {
    animation-delay: 0.9s;
}

.research-panel:nth-child(4) {
    animation-delay: 1.1s;
}

/* 面板入场动画 */
@keyframes slideInUp {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.research-panel.active {
    flex: 3;
}

.research-panel:nth-child(1) {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(2) {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f093fb 0%, #f5576c 100%);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(3) {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4facfe 0%, #00f2fe 100%);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(4) {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #43e97b 0%, #38f9d7 100%);
}

/* 面板背景图片 */
.panel-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

/* 面板覆盖层 */
.panel-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2));
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

/* 面板图标区域 */
.panel-icon {
    min-width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    color: white;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.panel-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin: 0;
    text-align: center;
    writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    padding: 12px 18px;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 20px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    z-index: 2;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    white-space: nowrap; /* 默认中文保持一行 */
}

/* 面板展开内容 */
.panel-content {
    width: 500px;
    padding: 40px;
    color: white;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    overflow-y: visible;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-panel.active .panel-content {
    opacity: 1;
}

/* 悬停效果 */
.research-panel:hover .panel-title {
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-5px) scale(1.05);
    text-shadow: 3px 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    letter-spacing: 0.15em;
}

/* 展开状态隐藏小标题 */
.research-panel.active .panel-title {
    display: none;
}

/* 英文版本的特殊样式调整 */
body.lang-en .panel-title {
    font-size: 1rem; /* 英文版本稍小字体 */
    line-height: 1.3; /* 增加行高 */
    max-width: 180px; /* 英文版本更宽的最大宽度 */
    padding: 10px 15px; /* 调整内边距 */
    white-space: normal; /* 只有英文版本允许换行 */
}

body.lang-en .research-panel .content-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem; /* 英文标题稍小 */
    line-height: 1.3; /* 增加行高 */
}

body.lang-en .research-panel .content-desc {
    font-size: 1.1rem; /* 英文描述稍小 */
    line-height: 1.6; /* 调整行高 */
    text-align: center; /* 英文也居中对齐 */
}

body.lang-en .panel-content {
    width: 600px; /* 英文版本增加宽度 */
    padding: 40px 50px; /* 增加左右内边距 */
    text-align: center;
}

/* 为每个面板的标题添加特殊效果 */
.research-panel:nth-child(1) .panel-title {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.2) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 100%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-radius: 25px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(2) .panel-title {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.25) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.08) 100%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-radius: 25px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(3) .panel-title {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.2) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 100%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-radius: 25px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.research-panel:nth-child(4) .panel-title {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.25) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.08) 100%);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border-radius: 25px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.research-panel .content-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
}

.research-panel .content-desc {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    text-align: center;
}

/* 模块条背景图片 */
.tab-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

/* 模块条覆盖层 */
.tab-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

/* 模块条内容 */
.tab-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
    padding: 20px 10px;
}



.tab-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin: 0;
    writing-mode: vertical-rl;
    text-orientation: mixed;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
}

/* 激活状态的模块条 */
.research-tab.active {
    flex: 1.5;
}

.research-tab.active .tab-bg {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.research-tab.active .tab-overlay {
    opacity: 0.7;
}

/* 悬停效果 */
.research-tab:hover:not(.active) {
    flex: 1.2;
}

.research-tab:hover .tab-bg {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* 右侧内容区域 */
.research-content {
    flex: 1;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

/* 内容面板 */
.content-panel {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(30px);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.content-panel.active {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
    pointer-events: auto;
}

/* 内容背景图片 */
.content-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

/* 内容覆盖层 */
.content-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: transparent;
}

/* 内容文字 */
.content-text {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 60px;
    color: white;
}



.content-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    line-height: 1.2;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
}

.content-desc {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    opacity: 0.9;
    max-width: 600px;
    text-align: center;
}

/* 响应式设计 */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .research-horizontal-container {
        height: 500px;
        max-width: 100%;
        margin: 0 20px;
    }

    .research-tabs {
        width: 300px;
    }

    .content-text {
        padding: 40px;
    }

    .content-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .content-desc {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    /* 中等屏幕英文版本调整 */
    body.lang-en .panel-content {
        width: 550px; /* 中等屏幕英文版本宽度 */
        padding: 35px 45px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    body.lang-en .panel-title {
        max-width: 160px; /* 中等屏幕英文标题宽度 */
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-section {
        padding: 4rem 0;
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .research-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }

    /* 隐藏移动端装饰图案 */
    .research-title::before {
        display: none;
    }

    .research-title::after {
        display: none;
    }

    .slider-indicators {
        display: none;
    }

    /* 新的面板移动端样式 */
    .research-panel-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        margin: 0;
        margin-left: 0;
        min-height: auto;
        width: 100vw;
    }

    .research-panels {
        flex-direction: column;
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        padding: 20px;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .research-panel {
        width: 100% !important;
        height: 400px; /* 设置统一的固定高度 */
        min-height: 400px; /* 确保最小高度 */
        flex-direction: column;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
        overflow: hidden; /* 防止内容溢出 */
    }

    .research-panel.active {
        width: 100% !important;
        height: 400px; /* 保持统一高度 */
        min-height: 400px;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .panel-icon {
        min-width: auto;
        width: 100%;
        height: 250px; /* 设置图标区域固定高度 */
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .panel-title {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        font-weight: 600;
        text-align: center;
        writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
        color: white;
        text-shadow: 1px 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
        letter-spacing: 0.05em;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
        backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
        border-radius: 15px;
        padding: 6px 12px;
        position: absolute;
        bottom: 10px;
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
        white-space: normal; /* 移动端允许换行 */
        max-width: 150px; /* 移动端限制最大宽度 */
        border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    }

    /* 移动端显示所有面板内容 */
    .panel-content {
        display: block !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
        position: static;
        width: 100%;
        height: 150px; /* 设置内容区域固定高度 */
        padding: 15px 20px;
        background: transparent; /* 移除白色背景 */
        margin: 0;
        border-radius: 0;
        box-shadow: none; /* 移除阴影 */
        color: white; /* 改为白色文字 */
        display: flex !important;
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: center;
        overflow: hidden; /* 防止内容溢出 */
        text-align: center;
    }

    .panel-content .content-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        color: white; /* 改为白色 */
        margin-bottom: 15px;
        text-align: center;
        text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); /* 添加文字阴影增强可读性 */
    }

    .panel-content .content-desc {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        color: white; /* 改为白色 */
        line-height: 1.6;
        text-align: center;
        text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); /* 添加文字阴影增强可读性 */
    }

    /* 移动端英文版本特殊调整 */
    body.lang-en .panel-title {
        font-size: 0.7rem; /* 英文移动端更小字体 */
        max-width: 120px; /* 更小的最大宽度 */
        padding: 5px 10px; /* 更小的内边距 */
        line-height: 1.2;
    }

    body.lang-en .panel-content .content-title {
        font-size: 1.3rem; /* 英文移动端标题 */
        line-height: 1.3;
    }

    body.lang-en .panel-content .content-desc {
        font-size: 0.85rem; /* 英文移动端描述 */
        text-align: center; /* 英文也居中对齐 */
        line-height: 1.5;
    }

    /* 移动端英文版本面板内容调整 */
    body.lang-en .panel-content {
        width: 100% !important; /* 移动端全宽 */
        padding: 25px 20px; /* 移动端内边距 */
        text-align: center;
    }

    .research-horizontal-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        height: auto;
        margin: 0 10px;
    }

    .research-tabs {
        width: 100%;
        height: 120px;
        flex-direction: row;
    }

    .research-tab {
        border-right: 2px solid #ffffff;
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    .tab-content {
        padding: 10px;
    }

    .tab-title {
        writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
        text-orientation: mixed;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }



    .research-content {
        height: 400px;
    }

    .content-text {
        padding: 30px 20px;
    }

    .content-icon {
        font-size: 3rem;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }

    .content-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }

    .content-desc {
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .research-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .research-horizontal-container {
        margin: 0 5px;
    }

    .research-tabs {
        height: 100px;
    }

    .tab-title {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }



    .research-content {
        height: 350px;
    }

    .content-text {
        padding: 20px 15px;
    }

    .content-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .content-desc {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* 小屏幕英文版本特殊调整 */
    body.lang-en .panel-title {
        font-size: 0.65rem; /* 更小的英文字体 */
        max-width: 100px; /* 更小的最大宽度 */
        padding: 4px 8px; /* 更小的内边距 */
        line-height: 1.1;
    }

    body.lang-en .content-title {
        font-size: 1.2rem; /* 小屏幕英文标题 */
        line-height: 1.2;
    }

    body.lang-en .content-desc {
        font-size: 0.8rem; /* 小屏幕英文描述 */
        text-align: center; /* 英文也居中对齐 */
        line-height: 1.4;
    }
}

/* About页面研究领域英文版本调整 */
body.lang-en .research-area h5 {
    line-height: 1.4; /* 英文标题增加行高 */
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em; /* 增加字母间距 */
    word-spacing: 0.05em; /* 优化单词间距 */
}

/* 英文标题通用优化 */
body.lang-en .about-heading.en,
body.lang-en .mission-item h5 .en,
body.lang-en .journal-item h5 .en,
body.lang-en .activity-item h6 .en {
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    word-spacing: 0.05em;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

body.lang-en .about-paragraph.en {
    text-align: left; /* 英文段落左对齐 */
    line-height: 1.8; /* 优化行高提升可读性 */
    margin-bottom: 1.8rem; /* 增加段落间距 */
    font-size: 1.1rem; /* 稍微增大字体 */
    word-spacing: 0.1em; /* 优化单词间距 */
    letter-spacing: 0.02em; /* 轻微增加字母间距 */
    max-width: none; /* 移除最大宽度限制 */
    hyphens: auto; /* 启用自动断字 */
    -webkit-hyphens: auto;
    -moz-hyphens: auto;
}

.section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    position: relative;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a365d;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.section-subtitle-large {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #2d3748;
    margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.explore-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    background: #3182ce;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 25px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(49, 130, 206, 0.3);
}

.explore-btn:hover {
    background: #2c5282;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(49, 130, 206, 0.4);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* 删除旧的圆形卡片样式 */

/* 删除旧的圆形卡片样式 */

.research-card {
    position: relative;
    height: 300px;
    border-radius: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border: none;
    /* 动画初始状态 */
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-100px);
    animation: slideInFromLeft 1s ease-out forwards;
}

/* 从左侧滑入的动画 */
@keyframes slideInFromLeft {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-100px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

/* 从右侧滑入的动画 */
@keyframes slideInFromRight {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(100px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
}

/* 标题卡片和AI卡片从左侧滑入 */
.research-card.title-card,
.research-card[data-area="ai"] {
    animation: slideInFromLeft 1s ease-out forwards;
}

/* 其他卡片从右侧滑入 */
.research-card[data-area="humanities"],
.research-card[data-area="health"],
.research-card[data-area="interdisciplinary"] {
    animation: slideInFromRight 1s ease-out forwards;
}

/* 添加延迟效果，让卡片依次出现 */
.research-card.title-card {
    animation-delay: 0.2s;
}

.research-card[data-area="humanities"] {
    animation-delay: 0.4s;
}

.research-card[data-area="ai"] {
    animation-delay: 0.6s;
}

.research-card[data-area="health"] {
    animation-delay: 0.8s;
}

.research-card[data-area="interdisciplinary"] {
    animation-delay: 1s;
}

/* ===== Institute Introduction Section ===== */
.institute-intro-section {
    background: #f8f9fa;
    padding: 80px 0;
    position: relative;
}

.institute-intro-content {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 40px;
    max-width: 1350px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.intro-text {
    flex: 2;
    max-width: none;
    /* 初始状态：从左侧隐藏 */
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-100px);
    transition: all 1s ease-out;
}

.intro-text.animate-in {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
}

.institute-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.institute-title .en {
    display: block;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.institute-description {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
    text-align: justify;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.learn-more-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    border: 2px solid #999999;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 25px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.learn-more-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-color: #666666;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.intro-stats {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 35px;
    align-items: stretch;
    min-width: 280px;
    justify-content: center;
    /* 初始状态：从右侧隐藏 */
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(100px);
    transition: all 1s ease-out 0.3s; /* 延迟0.3秒 */
}

.intro-stats.animate-in {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
}

.stat-item {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 25px 20px;
    background: white;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    width: 100%;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    /* 初始状态：缩小并透明 */
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
}

.intro-stats.animate-in .stat-item {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
    transition: all 0.6s ease-out;
}

.intro-stats.animate-in .stat-item:first-child {
    transition-delay: 0.6s;
}

.intro-stats.animate-in .stat-item:last-child {
    transition-delay: 0.8s;
}

.stat-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 3.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.stat-number sup {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: #f6ad55;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: rgb(76, 17, 48);
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
}



.research-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.research-card-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    filter: brightness(1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.research-card:hover .research-card-bg {
    filter: brightness(1.1);
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

.research-card-content {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    padding: 2rem;
    background: transparent;
    color: white;
    z-index: 2;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: flex-start;
    text-align: left;
}

/* 标题卡片样式 */
.title-card .main-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    text-shadow: 3px 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.title-card .sub-title {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), 1px 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

.title-card .join-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border: 2px solid white;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: 25px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-shadow: none;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.title-card .join-btn:hover {
    background: white;
    color: #f6ad55;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.research-card-title {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    color: white;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), 1px 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

.research-card-desc {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
    color: white;
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9), 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

/* 主要区域分隔线 - 统一距离，黑色，加长 */
.section-divider {
    height: 2px;
    background: #000000; /* 改为纯黑色 */
    margin: 3rem 0; /* 统一上下距离为3rem */
    opacity: 1; /* 完全不透明，纯黑色 */
    width: 100%; /* 确保横线占满容器宽度 */
    max-width: 1200px; /* 设置最大宽度，让横线更长 */
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

/* 核心研究领域副标题下方的分隔线特殊处理 */
.research-section .section-divider {
    margin: 2rem 0 3rem 0; /* 上方距离稍短，下方保持3rem */
}

/* 主办学术期刊上方的分隔线 */
.journals-section + .section-divider {
    margin: 3rem 0 2rem 0; /* 上方保持3rem，下方稍短 */
}

/* 主办学术期刊下方的分隔线 */
.journals-section ~ .section-divider {
    margin: 3rem 0 0 0; /* 上方保持3rem，下方无距离 */
}

/* 响应式设计 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {


    .research-section {
        padding: 3rem 0 4rem 0;
        margin-top: 0; /* 移动端不重叠 */
    }

    .research-section .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .section-subtitle-large {
        font-size: 2.2rem;
    }

    .research-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: repeat(5, auto);
        gap: 0;
        padding: 0 1rem;
        height: auto;
    }

    .title-card {
        grid-column: span 1;
    }

    .title-card .main-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .title-card .sub-title {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
        margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    }

    .research-card {
        height: 200px;
    }

    .research-card-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .research-card-title {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    .research-card-desc {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }

    /* Institute Introduction 响应式 */
    .institute-intro-section {
        padding: 50px 0;
    }

    .institute-intro-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 35px;
        padding: 0 1.5rem;
    }

    .institute-title {
        font-size: 1.9rem;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .institute-title .en {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .institute-description {
        font-size: 1rem;
        text-align: left;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    /* 移动端动画调整 */
    .intro-text {
        transform: translateX(-50px);
    }

    .intro-stats {
        transform: translateX(50px);
    }

    .intro-stats {
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: center;
        width: 100%;
        gap: 15px;
        min-width: auto;
    }

    .stat-item {
        flex: 1;
        max-width: 140px;
        padding: 18px 12px;
    }

    .stat-number {
        font-size: 2.3rem;
    }

    .stat-number sup {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }

    .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    /* 移动端动画调整 - 减小滑动距离 */
    @keyframes slideInFromLeft {
        from {
            opacity: 0;
            transform: translateX(-50px);
        }
        to {
            opacity: 1;
            transform: translateX(0);
        }
    }

    @keyframes slideInFromRight {
        from {
            opacity: 0;
            transform: translateX(50px);
        }
        to {
            opacity: 1;
            transform: translateX(0);
        }
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {


    .research-section {
        padding: 2.5rem 0 3rem 0;
        margin-top: -30px; /* 小屏幕调整重叠距离 */
    }

    .research-section .container {
        padding: 0 0rem;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .section-subtitle-large {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .explore-btn {
        padding: 10px 25px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .research-grid {
        gap: 0;
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
        height: auto;
    }

    .title-card .main-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .title-card .sub-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .title-card .join-btn {
        padding: 8px 20px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .research-card {
        height: 180px;
    }

    .research-card-content {
        padding: 1rem;
    }

    .research-card-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    .research-card-desc {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        line-height: 1.4;
    }

    /* Institute Introduction 小屏幕响应式 */
    .institute-intro-section {
        padding: 40px 0;
    }

    .institute-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .institute-title .en {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }

    .institute-description {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    .intro-stats {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .stat-item {
        width: 180px;
    }

    .stat-number {
        font-size: 2.8rem;
    }

    .learn-more-btn {
        padding: 10px 25px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
        border: 2px solid #999999;
    }

    .learn-more-btn:hover {
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
        border-color: #666666;
    }

    /* 小屏幕动画调整 */
    .intro-text {
        transform: translateX(-30px);
    }

    .intro-stats {
        transform: translateX(30px);
    }

    /* 小屏幕动画调整 - 进一步减小滑动距离 */
    @keyframes slideInFromLeft {
        from {
            opacity: 0;
            transform: translateX(-30px);
        }
        to {
            opacity: 1;
            transform: translateX(0);
        }
    }

    @keyframes slideInFromRight {
        from {
            opacity: 0;
            transform: translateX(30px);
        }
        to {
            opacity: 1;
            transform: translateX(0);
        }
    }
}

/* 核心研究领域 - 左右分栏布局 */
.research-content-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    align-items: start;
}

.research-content-main {
    max-width: 100%;
}

/* 右侧视觉元素 - 无框简洁风格 */
.research-sidebar {
    width: 320px;
    margin-left: 3rem;
}

/* 研究亮点区域 */
.research-highlight-card {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.research-highlight-card .highlight-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: #005689;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 0;
}

.research-highlight-card .highlight-icon i {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 18px;
}

.research-highlight-card .highlight-title {
    font-size: 1.375rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #000000;
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    border-bottom: 2px solid #005689;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.research-highlight-card .highlight-text {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 0;
}

/* 研究统计数据 */
.research-stats {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.research-stats .stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
}

.research-stats .stat-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.research-stats .stat-number {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #005689;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1;
}

.research-stats .stat-label {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #4a5568;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-align: right;
}

/* 研究行动区域 */
.research-action-card {
    background: transparent;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.research-action-card .action-title {
    font-size: 1.375rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #000000;
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    border-bottom: 2px solid #005689;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.research-action-card .action-text {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
}

.research-action-card .action-button {
    background: #005689;
    color: #ffffff;
    border: none;
    padding: 1rem 2.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    border-radius: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    text-transform: none;
    width: 100%;
}

.research-action-card .action-button:hover {
    background: #006699;
    transform: none;
}

.research-action-card .action-button:active {
    transform: none;
}

/* 响应式调整 */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .research-sidebar {
        width: 280px;
        margin-left: 2rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .research-content-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    .research-sidebar {
        width: 100%;
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-top: 3rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .research-stats {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .stat-item {
        padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
    }
}

/* 核心研究领域区域 - 本地图片背景设计 */
.core-research-section {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 80vh;
    overflow: hidden;
    width: 100vw;
    margin-left: calc(-50vw + 50%);
}

.research-wave-bg {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 1;
    background: transparent;
}

.research-wave-bg::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
        rgba(30, 60, 114, 0.8) 0%,
        rgba(42, 82, 152, 0.7) 30%,
        rgba(79, 172, 254, 0.6) 70%,
        rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.5) 100%);
    z-index: 2;
}

.research-wave-bg svg {
    display: none;
}

.research-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
    padding: 4rem 0;
    height: 100%;
}

.research-areas-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.research-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.research-row.top-row {
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.research-row.bottom-row {
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 4rem;
}

/* 首页研究领域卡片样式 */
.core-research-section .research-area {
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
    max-width: 260px;
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
}

.core-research-section .research-area:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
}

.area-icon {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: white;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
}

.core-research-section .research-area:hover .area-icon {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    transform: scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.area-title {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.area-desc {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    text-align: center;
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* 响应式调整 */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .research-row {
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .research-row.bottom-row {
        gap: 4rem;
    }

    .core-research-section .research-area {
        max-width: 250px;
    }

    .area-icon {
        width: 80px;
        height: 80px;
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .area-title {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    .area-desc {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .core-research-section {
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .research-content {
        padding: 4rem 0;
    }

    .research-areas-container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .research-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 3rem;
        margin-bottom: 3rem;
    }

    .research-row.bottom-row {
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .core-research-section .research-area {
        max-width: 300px;
    }

    .area-icon {
        width: 80px;
        height: 80px;
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .area-title {
        font-size: 1.4rem;
    }

    .area-desc {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* 期刊介绍样式 */
.journals-intro {
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    text-align: left;
}

.journal-intro-item {
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.journal-intro-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.journal-intro-title {
    font-size: 1.375rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #005689;
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-secondary);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.journal-intro-description {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-main);
    text-align: justify;
}

/* 响应式调整 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journals-intro {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }
    
    .journal-intro-item {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }
    
    .journal-intro-title {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
  }
}

/* 核心研究领域 - 所有语言版本的移动端优化 */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .research-content-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
    
    .research-sidebar {
        width: 100%;
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-top: 2rem;
        max-width: 100%;
    }
    
    .section-header {
        margin-bottom: 3rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .section-subtitle {
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
    
    .section-header {
        margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
        padding: 0 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .section-subtitle {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
    
    .research-content-layout {
        gap: 1.5rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .research-area-text {
        margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
    }
    
    .research-description {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.7;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    /* 右侧元素移动端优化 - 所有语言版本 */
    .research-sidebar {
        margin-top: 1.5rem;
        padding: 0;
    }
    
    /* 研究亮点卡片移动端优化 */
    .research-highlight-card {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        padding: 0;
        background: transparent;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-icon {
        width: 35px;
        height: 35px;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-icon i {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-title {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        hyphens: auto;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-text {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        hyphens: auto;
    }
    
    /* 统计数据移动端优化 - 防止挤压 */
    .research-stats {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        padding: 0;
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-item {
        padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
        text-align: center;
        border-bottom: none;
        border-right: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
        min-width: 0;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-item:last-child {
        border-right: none;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-number {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        display: block;
        word-break: keep-all;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        text-align: center;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        line-height: 1.3;
        hyphens: auto;
    }
    
    /* 行动按钮移动端优化 */
    .research-action-card {
        margin-bottom: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-title {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        hyphens: auto;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-text {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        hyphens: auto;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-button {
        padding: 0.875rem 2rem;
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 300px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        display: block;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .research-section {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .section-header {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .section-subtitle {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
    
    .research-content-layout {
        gap: 1rem;
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .research-area-text {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }
    
    .research-title {
        font-size: 1.375rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .research-description {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
    
    /* 右侧元素小屏幕优化 - 所有语言版本 */
    .research-sidebar {
        margin-top: 1rem;
        padding: 0;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card {
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        padding: 0;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-icon {
        width: 30px;
        height: 30px;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-icon i {
        font-size: 14px;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-title {
        font-size: 1.125rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-highlight-card .highlight-text {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
    
    /* 统计数据小屏幕优化 - 改为垂直布局 */
    .research-stats {
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-item {
        padding: 0.75rem 0;
        border-right: none;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-item:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-number {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        line-height: 1.2;
    }
    
    /* 行动按钮小屏幕优化 */
    .research-action-card .action-title {
        font-size: 1.125rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-text {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-button {
        padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        max-width: 250px;
    }
}

/* 超小屏幕特殊处理 - 所有语言版本 */
@media (max-width: 360px) {
    .research-content-layout {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats {
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-item {
        padding: 0.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-number {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .research-stats .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .research-action-card .action-button {
        max-width: 200px;
        padding: 0.625rem 1.25rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

/* 所有语言版本的通用移动端优化 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* 繁体中文、简体中文、英文通用优化 */
    .research-section .tc,
    .research-section .sc,
    .research-section .en {
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        hyphens: auto;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
    
    /* 标题在所有语言下的优化 */
    .research-title .tc,
    .research-title .sc,
    .research-title .en {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
    
    /* 描述文字在所有语言下的优化 */
    .research-description .tc,
    .research-description .sc,
    .research-description .en {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.7;
        text-align: center;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
    
    /* 副标题在所有语言下的优化 */
    .section-subtitle .tc,
    .section-subtitle .sc,
    .section-subtitle .en {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    /* 小屏幕下所有语言的进一步优化 */
    .research-title .tc,
    .research-title .sc,
    .research-title .en {
        font-size: 1.375rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .research-description .tc,
    .research-description .sc,
    .research-description .en {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
    
    .section-subtitle .tc,
    .section-subtitle .sc,
    .section-subtitle .en {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
}

/* 英文版本的额外优化 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-section .en {
        hyphens: auto;
        word-break: normal;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
    
    .research-title .en {
        font-size: 1.4rem; /* 英文标题稍小一些 */
    }
    
    .research-description .en {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .research-title .en {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .research-description .en {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }
}

/* 横线在移动端的优化 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .section-divider {
        margin: 2rem 0;
        max-width: 90%;
    }
    
    .research-section .section-divider {
        margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .journals-section + .section-divider {
        margin: 2rem 0 1.5rem 0;
    }

    .journals-section ~ .section-divider {
        margin: 2rem 0 0 0;
    }

    /* 机构介绍响应式 - 手机 */
    .about-institute-section {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }

    .about-institute-content {
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .about-institute-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    }

    .about-institute-description {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        line-height: 1.8;
        margin-bottom: 1.8rem;
    }

    .about-institute-stats {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .stat-number {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .about-institute-images {
        max-width: 300px;
        align-self: center;
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }

    .institute-image-item img {
        height: 120px;
    }

    /* 期刊布局响应式 - 手机 */
    .journal-layout-item {
        padding: 1.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .journal-image-container {
        max-width: 200px;
    }

    .journal-layout-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem; /* 移动端也增大标题 */
        margin-top: 0; /* 确保移动端标题也上移 */
    }

    .journal-layout-description {
        font-size: 1.15rem; /* 移动端增大描述文字 */
        line-height: 1.8; /* 增加行高 */
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem; /* 减少底部间距 */
        padding: 8px 0; /* 减少内边距 */
        min-height: 220px; /* 增加移动端最小高度 */
        background: none; /* 移除背景 */
        border: none; /* 移除边框 */
    }

    /* 移动端英文内容样式 */
    .journal-layout-description .en {
        font-size: 1.0rem; /* 移动端英文内容稍小但不要太小 */
        line-height: 1.6;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .section-divider {
        margin: 1.5rem 0;
        max-width: 95%;
    }
    
    .research-section .section-divider {
        margin: 1.25rem 0 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .journals-section + .section-divider {
        margin: 1.5rem 0 1.25rem 0;
    }

    .journals-section ~ .section-divider {
        margin: 1.5rem 0 0 0;
    }

    /* 机构介绍响应式 - 小屏幕 */
    .about-institute-section {
        padding: 40px 0;
    }

    .about-institute-content {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .about-institute-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .about-institute-description {
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.7;
        margin-bottom: 1.3rem;
    }

    .about-institute-stats {
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .stat-number {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .stat-label {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .about-institute-images {
        max-width: 250px;
        align-self: center;
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }

    .institute-image-item img {
        height: 100px;
    }

    /* 期刊布局响应式 - 小屏幕 */
    .journal-layout-item {
        padding: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .journal-image-container {
        max-width: 180px;
    }

    .journal-layout-title {
        font-size: 1.3rem; /* 小屏幕也增大标题 */
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
        margin-top: 0; /* 确保小屏幕标题也上移 */
    }

    .journal-layout-description {
        font-size: 1.1rem; /* 小屏幕增大描述文字 */
        line-height: 1.7; /* 增加行高 */
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem; /* 减少底部间距 */
        padding: 8px 0; /* 减少内边距 */
        min-height: 200px; /* 增加小屏幕最小高度 */
        background: none; /* 移除背景 */
        border: none; /* 移除边框 */
    }

    /* 小屏幕英文内容样式 */
    .journal-layout-description .en {
        font-size: 0.95rem; /* 小屏幕英文内容稍小但保持可读性 */
        line-height: 1.5;
    }

    .journal-date {
        display: none; /* 确保小屏幕也隐藏日期 */
    }
}

/* 删除所有旧的圆形卡片样式 */

/* ===== Academic Information Section ===== */
.academic-info-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background: transparent; /* 改为透明背景以显示全局背景 */
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    min-height: 600px;
}

/* 为整个学术资讯模块添加蓝色滤镜效果 */
.academic-info-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom,
        rgba(70, 130, 180, 0.45) 0%,
        rgba(70, 130, 180, 0.5) 50%,
        rgba(70, 130, 180, 0.45) 100%
    ); /* 蓝色滤镜效果覆盖整个模块 */
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 1;
}

.academic-bg-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

/* 移除背景容器上的滤镜，因为已经移到整个模块上 */

/* 删除装饰小球元素 */

/* 内容布局 */
.academic-content-layout {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 60px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* 左侧标题区域 */
.academic-title-section {
    flex: 0 0 300px;
    padding-top: 40px;
}

.academic-main-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: white;
    font-weight: 300;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    line-height: 1.2;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
}

.academic-subtitle {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
    padding: 15px 20px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border-radius: 50px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.subtitle-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff6b6b, #ee5a24);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.subtitle-text {
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* 右侧信息卡片区域 */
.academic-cards-section {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 25px;
}

.academic-info-card {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f0f0, #e8e8e8);
    border-radius: 15px;
    padding: 30px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 25px;
    align-items: flex-start;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(200, 200, 200, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

.academic-info-card:hover {
    transform: translateX(10px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
}

.card-image {
    flex: 0 0 120px;
    height: 120px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.card-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

/* 如果没有图片，显示占位符 */
.card-image:empty::before {
    content: '📊';
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.card-content {
    flex: 1;
}

.card-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: #1a3c5f;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.card-description {
    color: #2c5282;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
}

/* 响应式设计 */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .academic-content-layout {
        gap: 40px;
    }

    .academic-title-section {
        flex: 0 0 250px;
    }

    .academic-main-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .academic-info-section {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }

    .academic-content-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 40px;
    }

    .academic-title-section {
        flex: none;
        text-align: center;
        padding-top: 0;
    }

    .academic-main-title {
        font-size: 2.2rem;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

    .academic-subtitle {
        justify-content: center;
        max-width: 300px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .academic-info-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 25px;
    }

    .card-image {
        flex: none;
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .card-image img {
        object-fit: contain;
        background: #f8f9fa;
    }

    .card-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .card-description {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }


}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .academic-info-section {
        padding: 40px 0;
    }

    .academic-main-title {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .academic-subtitle {
        padding: 12px 16px;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .subtitle-icon {
        width: 35px;
        height: 35px;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .subtitle-text {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .academic-info-card {
        padding: 20px;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .card-image {
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
    }

    .card-image img {
        object-fit: contain;
        background: #f8f9fa;
    }

    .card-title {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }

    .card-description {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

/* 期刊翻页功能样式 */
.journals-pagination-container {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 600px;
}

.journals-page {
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out;
    transform: translateX(30px);
}

.journals-page.active {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    position: relative;
    transform: translateX(0);
}

.journals-pagination-controls {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding: 1rem 0;
}

.pagination-btn {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4a90e2, #357abd);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 24px;
    border-radius: 25px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(74, 144, 226, 0.3);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pagination-btn::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
    transition: left 0.5s ease;
}

.pagination-btn:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.pagination-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(74, 144, 226, 0.4);
}

.pagination-btn:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.pagination-indicators {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.indicator {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #d1d5db;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.indicator::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    background: #4a90e2;
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.indicator.active {
    background: #4a90e2;
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

.indicator.active::before {
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: white;
}

.indicator:hover {
    background: #9ca3af;
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journals-pagination-controls {
        gap: 1rem;
        margin-top: 2rem;
    }
    
    .pagination-btn {
        padding: 10px 20px;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .journals-pagination-container {
        min-height: 500px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .journals-pagination-controls {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .pagination-indicators {
        order: -1;
    }
}